I have created a dashboard and added tabs. Within the tabs I added quite a few cards and button cards, most of which have disappeared. I am not 100% sure, but it looks like all of the cards setup from HACS are the ones affected. I did try to restore a backup from a period I know the cards were there but the same ones are still missing.
I have some tailor-made cover cards with an own JavaScript . If in any of them a non-existing device is addressed, ALL cards disappear. The dashboard code is not touched and can still be seen in the yaml.
You could check if your original card code is still there by taking a look in the raw configuration editor within the dashboard update screen.