I solved it now by creating two scripts (increase / decrease) and a helper number that I increase / decrease and as second step of each script I assign the screen brightness this value.
Even cards that support templates elsewhere rarely support then in card actions. Using a script is the best available method… though I don’t see why you need two scripts. You should be able to do it with one script that accepts variables then adds that variable’s value to the current value of number.cmf_phone_1_base_screen_brightness. Just pass a negative value when you want tapping the chip to decrease the brightness.