ESP32 + MQTT setup problems

ESPHome
1

I appreciate any help you can provide on this.

These are my first steps integrating ESPHome via MQTT with HA. It’s a device that will be connected to batteries, and I want to save as much energy as possible. It’s a temperature sensor that I’ll be installing outside my house. I want the device to enter deep sleep for 20 minutes, wake up, send the shtcx sensor data via MQTT, and then go back to sleep. For now, I have 2 minutes of sleep configured, but this will be changed later.

After the first tests, I feel very silly with the results. I’m trying to publish the sensor data to the topics cmnd/esp32-pruebas/temperatura and cmnd/esp32-pruebas/humedad, but when using MQTT Explorer, I see that the data I need in HA is being also published under a different topic. Now I wonder if it’s necessary to try to publish this data under the topic cmnd/esp32-pruebas/temperatura.

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Then, in HA, I see that the MQTT integration automatically detects 3 entities for this integration. I was only expecting it to detect 2, since I’m not explicitly publishing the “Boton1 dormitorio” binary sensor via MQTT.

I know I’m making some silly mistakes (maybe several), but I don’t know what they are. Also, from what I’ve been reading, I was planning to add a sensor to the configuration.yaml file to collect MQTT readings, but based on my results, I’ve come to the conclusion that it’s not necessary.

What is the correct way to do this? I’m currently using HAOS v2025.1.4.

My code is:

substitutions:
  board_ip: 192.168.77.50
  device_name: esp32-pruebas

packages:
  wifi: !include wifi.yaml
  battery_device: !include battery_device.yaml

esphome:
  name: $device_name
  friendly_name: ESP32 de pruebas
  on_boot:
    priority: 600
    then:
      - script.execute: send_data_and_sleep
 
esp32:
  board: esp32dev
  framework:
    type: arduino

logger:
  level: DEBUG

api:
  encryption:
    key: "xxx"

ota:
  - platform: esphome
    password: "xxx"

i2c:
  - id: bus_display
    frequency: 800kHz
    sda: GPIO19
    scl: GPIO18

sensor:
  - platform: shtcx
    i2c_id: bus_display
    update_interval: 30s
    temperature:
      name: "temperatura_pruebas"
      id: temperatura_sensor
    humidity:
      name: "humedad_pruebas"
      id: humedad_sensor
    address: 0x70

binary_sensor:
  - platform: gpio
    id: boton1
    name: Boton1 dormitorio
    pin: 
      number: 14
      mode:
        input: True
        pulldown: True

deep_sleep:
  id: deep_sleep_1
  sleep_duration: 2min

script:
  - id: send_data_and_sleep
    mode: restart
    then:
      - logger.log: "Despertando y enviando datos..."
      - delay: 30s
      - mqtt.publish:
          topic: "cmnd/$device_name/temperatura"
          payload: !lambda |-
            return to_string(id(temperatura_sensor).state);
      - mqtt.publish:
          topic: "cmnd/$device_name/humedad"
          payload: !lambda |-
            return to_string(id(humedad_sensor).state);
      - delay: 30s

      - if:
          condition:
            lambda: return !id(ota_mode);
          then:
            - logger.log: "Entrando en sueño profundo..."
            - deep_sleep.enter: deep_sleep_1
          else:
            - logger.log: "Modo OTA activo, el ESP permanecerá despierto"

And this is battery_device.yaml with MQTT config:

globals:
  - id: ota_mode
    type: bool
    initial_value: 'false'

mqtt:
  broker: mqtt.broker.com
  port: 1883
  username: xxx
  password: zzz
  birth_message:
  will_message:
  on_message:
    - topic: stat/$device_name/ota_mode
      payload: 'ON'
      then:
        - globals.set:
            id: ota_mode
            value: 'true'
    - topic: stat/$device_name/ota_mode
      payload: 'OFF'
      then:
        - globals.set:
            id: ota_mode
            value: 'false'
2

Simply specifying mqtt: in your yaml, then adding sensors, will caused them to be published. You don’t need to publish them manually.

If you don’t want the binary sensor published - either remove the name: or set internal: true.

1 Like
3

Do you mean adding sensors on HA configuration.yaml??

4

No - I mean adding them in ESPHome. ESPHome supports HAs MQTT auto discovery, when you create a sensor on ESPHome then connect it to your MQTT broker, HA will discover the sensors.

5

Ok ok ok, you’re talking about sensors I already have in the code…

Lovely, much simpler than I thought.

Thanks a lot.

1 Like