The Windows OS can’t read the contents of a Home Assistant drive. But, you should be able to use Linux Reader to do this. Then you could extract the \config directory and copy it to your new system.
The Home Assistant Google Drive Backup is also another alternative to storing backups in an alternate location.
Finally, you and I both have learned the hard way that the backup restoration process should be tested regularly to make sure it works before you need it. See some more info here about Disaster Recovery Planning