Hi.
I translated your french question.
That you wanted me to elaborate.
Based on the link you posted. You have bought a temperature sensor changes resistance by the temperature. It is according to the pt100 standard. So it calibrated to give the same resistance for a specific temperature as all the rest pt100 sensors.
This is analog sensor element. So you need to use the analog to digital converter to get a digital value out of it. Probably some other well calibrated resistors. I have never done it and have no experience of it.
I suggest you to google this. I searched that on esphome. This came up.
In the esphome configuration you have said you want to use a dallas (or Onewire) sensor. These are digital sensor. So the esp sends a serial data command to the sensor. Then the sensor responds back with the temperature. By a serial digital signal.
So this is why the esphome configuration does not find anything. It sends some discovery command to your sensor which is a resistor. Because it analog resistor it will not respond.
That means that it cannot get any temperature back.
Dallas temperature sensor are usually called DS18b20(+) .
I hope it clarified something.
/Mattias