I was facing same issues and behavior - if your system hangs when trying to load supervisor logs, it might be that you either have an insufficient Powersupply, or you have an UAS incompatible ssd-adapter.
For too weak Powersupplys obviously there is only a hardware-solution 
For UAS-related Problems: (Raspberri Pi 4) 9 steps howto get both HASSIO boot & data run over an SSD
There might be more intuitive instructions around.
Basically: Confirm your System hangs when accessing Supervisor-Logs.
Then check over SSH, if UAS for your drive is ignored. If it isn’t, force it to do so, by adding VendorID and Product-ID as Quirk to cmdline.txt.
For me, having the same issues, that solved it 