What you have encountered is not uncommon. Your topic’s payload can contain “multiplexed” data. In other words, a single payload is used for reporting data from multiple devices. One time it may be data from device A and the next time it may be data from device B.
I suggest you consider implementing Strategy #2 described in the following topic:
It describes how to create a “demultiplexer automation”. It’s purpose is receive the published data and re-publish it to separate topics, one topic per device. Then each one of your MQTT Sensors is configured to use a device-specific topic that receives payloads only meant for that sensor.