Ok so first HA does not provide the hardware interface that’s provided by an integration. That translates whatever it’s connected to to HA.
Thats pretty much in all cases. So for something like Alexa that’s a cloud service. As long as you can connect great.
But for Zigbee, ZWave Matter KNX pretty much Anything else you need the connection hardware for HA to have something to read.
So you need to determine if you’re
Smart switches or lamps (not both… Please And what kind of transport (zigbee ZWave etc) yyouwant to use.
Id recommend reading the home assisant cookbook from front to back especially the section on hardware…
The. Come back and ask clarification questions.