There’s a couple of ways you can get some / most of the information you’re after.
- Read from the zwave device directly with action calls
- Write automations to follow changes in the zwave device
- Likely your best move: Install Keymaster which emits events for many of the cases that you just mentioned including some built in notification abilities. Though in truth you probably want something more along the lines of the “Lock Logging” automation that you’ll find scattered throughout that very long thread
Finally, if you installed the default Zwave configuration for Home Assistant then I would strongly recommend you look at this post on how to switch to using the Z-Wave JS UI addon instead which will give you a much better view and control of your zwave mesh.