Home Assistant API Sensor Documentation Help

Years ago I built a temperature sensor that would push (http post) readings to a server / dashboard system I had written. In lieu of expanding requirements, I’ve decided to switch to Home Assistant as my backend. Though it is possible to send the data to HA, the documentation is spotty. Namely I’m looking for the full JSON for the post body (an OpenAPI spec would be nice) and more details around how sensors function, and things “like can I set a unique_id so that they are editable in HA?”, etc.

So far I’ve been working off the little bits of information around the API, some examples, and inferences from other documents for the python api (internal server code).

Because I’m a new user, lets play a game. When i say:
!home assistant docs! you assume “developers.home-assistant.io
and
!main ha site! you assume “www.home-assistant.io

REST API
!home assistant docs!/docs/api/rest/
Sensor post info from HTTP integration
!main ha site!/integrations/http/#sensor
General Sensor Docs
!main ha site!/integrations/sensor#device-class