In order for your zigbee device to to speak to homeassistant you need to use a method to ‘translate’ (for want of a better word) what the zigbee device is saying so that homeassistant can understand it.
There are three options. Zigbee2mqtt, zha and deconz.
Zha is a homeassistant component that can talk to your zigbee devices via the dongle, but as far as I know does not use mqtt.
Zigbee2MQTT is third party software, but many people (myself included) use it as its so good. You can run the software as a homeassistant addon, and what it does is speak to your zigbee devices via your dongle and then communicates with homeassistant via mqtt.
Deconz I don’t know much about, other than to say it is also quite popular and is mentioned a fair bit.
I think you need to have a read up on ways to communicate between homeassistant and zigbee, decide which way you want to do it, and then find some ‘getting started’ instructions for that method.