Name resolution on local network - how does it work?

How does Windows resolve the name homeassistant.local to an ip on my local network? It’s not in my hosts file and doesn’t appear in the NETBIOS name cache (nbtstat -n). I remember there was also something called WINS, and I think other resolution methods that I never knew about.

Basically, why am I able to ping homeassistant.local?

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