I’ve not tried it, as my own code uses the Leaflet JS library directly on a separate web page.
HASS embeds Leaflet on the Map page - so if you dig into the code, the tile source will be in there.
I’ve also had a quick look at the Map card, but this also doesn’t seem to have a parameter to set the map tile source without copying the code and manual editing.
So, “in theory you could switch from Open Street Map to Open Sea Map tiles” but not simple…