Yes, this is definitely possible, however I don’t understand how you want to do this with a button-card? A button-card gives you what it says, a button. I suggest creating one input_datetime for the weekend and one for the weekdays. Then create two automations that will turn on the light if the current time is equal to the input_datetime.
since i usualy use my mobilephone for hass.io i did the whole UI using button-card.
want to do a popup-card to set the time, like i did with my thermostats (2nd pic)
Nice. I had a typo but was using the same solution as you for dayoftheweek (although without using variables - I might adopt that to make it easier to read).
Many times there’s more than one way to skin-a-cat in HA.
Personally - I’ve learned that if it works, don’t mess with it. There might be a cleaner / better / quicker / different way - but usually that involves spending more time tinkering to get back to the exact same spot you were already at…