This specific USB dongle is by the way discussed here → ITead's "Sonoff Zigbee 3.0 USB Dongle Plus" based on Texas Instruments CC2652P +20dBm radio MCU now sold for $14.99
Are you running Home Assistant Operating System (HA OS, formerly HASSIO) in a VM in VirtualBox? Or are you running a different Linux distribution and other type of Home Assistant installation?
Not sure if needed when running the USB port in pass-through mode to a VM in VirtualBox under Windows 10 but normally when wanting to access the adapter direct under Windows 10 you would need to install drivers:
https://www.silabs.com/developers/usb-to-uart-bridge-vcp-drivers
You absolutely want to use a very long USB extension cable and not connect it to USB 3.0 ports. Read:
https://github.com/home-assistant/home-assistant.io/pull/18864
Another reason for using a USB extension cable is that the USB-plug design of ITead’s Sonoff Zigbee 3.0 USB Dongle Plus hardware adapter is a little short which makes it harder and sometimes impossible to plug it into some USB ports if the computer enclosure/chassis/casing is to thick around the USB-port as that will physically prevent the USB dongle from actually making a proper connection inside the USB port even if it looks like it is plugged in all the way that is possible.